The Scientific Journal of University of Saba Region
Scope of Interest of the Journal It is a peer-reviewed scientific journal, issued periodically semi-annually by the management of the editorial board of the journal, and under the direct supervision of the Vice-President of Graduate Studies and Scientific Research at the University of Saba Region (Marib -Yemen), and carries an international number: (( ISSN: 2709-2739 (Print) - ISSN: 2709-2747 (Online)). The journal takes into account the international standards adopted in scientific publishing. The journal welcomes original articles in the fields of humanities, administration, natural and applied sciences, education, Islamic studies, and computer sciences in both Arabic and English languages. Manuscripts are submitted by authors from inside and outside the university, and they must not have been published before. The journal does not publish anything that opposes or violates the ethics of scientific research and human and Islamic values. Publication Frequency The journal is published every six months: in June and December of each year.
Copyright and Licensing This journal publishes all scientific materials under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) , license, which grants you the following permissions: You are free to: Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format for any purpose, even commercially. Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially. The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms. Under the following terms: Attribution — You must give appropriate credit , provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made . You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use. No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits. Notices: You do not have to comply with the license for elements of the material in the public domain or where your use is permitted by an applicable exception or limitation . No warranties are given. The license may not give you all of the permissions necessary for your intended use. For example, other rights such as publicity, privacy, or moral rights may limit how you use the material.
Proving the Existence of Entropy Solutions in Strongly Nonlinear Settings in Weighted Orlicz Spaces
Copyright (c) 2026 The Scientific Journal of University of Saba Region https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Reference of Islamic Sharia in the Yemeni Constitution between Legislative Restriction and the Rigid Constitutional Core: A Study in Normative Gradation and the Theory of the Constitutional Bloc
This study examines the normative status of the reference to Islamic Sharia in the Yemeni Constitution by analyzing the position of Article (3) within the normative hierarchy of the constitutional system, in light of the theories of the constitutional bloc and substantive limitations on constitutional amendment. The central problem of the study is to determine whether the provision stating that Islamic Sharia is "the source of all legislation" is limited in its effect to guiding the legislative authority, or whether it entails a normative impact extending to constitutional review of laws and the limits of constitutional amendment. The study adopts an analytical approach to interpret the relevant constitutional texts, a comparative approach by drawing on certain comparative constitutional experiences, as well as a historical approach to trace the evolution of the drafting of Article (3) between 1990 and 1994. The findings of the study indicate that Article (3) is not to be understood as a merely symbolic or political text, but rather represents a constitutional rule with a binding normative effect in the legislative domain. The study further reveals that this provision is capable of being considered among the referential texts that may be relied upon in constitutional review, and that its content is connected to the foundational principles relating to the constitutional identity of the state. The study also concludes that the reference to Islamic Sharia occupies a superior normative position within the Yemeni constitutional structure, approaching the scope of the constitutional bloc and the rigid constitutional core, which justifies the assertion that definitive Sharia rulings enjoy objective protection that limits the possibility of their amendment or any derogation from their content, even in the absence of an explicit entrenchment clause. Finally, the study concludes that the proper activation of this constitutional text requires a disciplined constitutional judiciary that balances respect for the constitutional reference with the requirements of legislative flexibility.
Animal-Like Postures Forbidden in Prayer: A Comparative Fiqh Study
This study aims to examine the postures forbidden during prayer (ṣalāh) due to their resemblance to animal postures. It employed a comparative jurisprudential (fiqh) methodology that combines the examination and analysis of Sharīʿah texts with a discussion of the opinions and evidence of jurists (fuqahāʾ). It also seeks to identify these postures as reported in the Prophetic Sunnah, elucidate the jurisprudential (fiqh) ruling for each, and analyze the implication of the prohibition in terms of whether it indicates absolute unlawfulness (taḥrīm) or mere reprehensibility (karāhah), while clarifying the effect of such postures on the validity and completeness of the prayer. The study concludes that the prohibited imitation is to be understood based on actual resemblance in posture, and it is only deemed to occur when the person is aware of the prohibition, the prohibition is established, and there is no necessity (ḍarūrah) justifying the act. It also demonstrates that the prohibition of these postures aims to: honor the person praying, safeguard their dignified bearing, achieve perfect humility and concentration (khushūʿ), and adhere to the guidance of Islamic law in performing prayer. The jurisprudential (fiqh) rulings for these postures vary between unlawful and reprehensible (makrūh), with most not invalidating the prayer, except when the prohibited posture involves the omission of an essential pillar (rukn) or condition, such as the lack of tranquility (ṭumaʾnīnah), which does invalidate the prayer. The study emphasizes the importance of avoiding anything that involves clear resemblance to animal postures.
Provisions of Commercial Advertising in Yemeni Legislation: A Comparative Study
Producers in various countries have recognized the importance of commercial advertising in its modern sense, in light of its evident efficiency in performing its marketing function, due to its intrinsic qualities that elevate it to being one of the most important means of stimulating demand for goods and services. Commercial advertising also reflects the cultural and value system of any society, as it encapsulates cultural, intellectual, and psychological connotations within its content. This study seeks to shed light on the most prominent aspects of commercial advertising in Yemeni legislation by defining commercial advertising, distinguishing it from similar concepts, and then explaining the types and means of commercial advertising. Furthermore, the study outlines the mechanisms of legal protection arising from deceptive and misleading commercial advertising. The study concludes with a general conclusion presenting the most significant findings and recommendations reached through this research.
Al-Qadi Al-Imrani's Methodology in Issuing Fatwas
This study examines a scholarly figure of profound influence in the Yemeni context: the distinguished judge and scholar Muhammad bin Ismail Al-Imrani (may Allah have mercy on him). Specifically, it investigates his fatwas and his methodology of issuing fatwas (iftā'). The study begins with a brief biography of the Shaykh, followed by an overview of the state of fatwa issuance in Yemen, highlighting the weaknesses and deficiencies that uniquely characterize it compared to most other countries. The heart of the study is found in the third section, which analyzes Al-Qadi Al-Imrani's fatwa methodology, addressing both his personal attributes and his methodological approach. Among the most important personal characteristics of the Shaykh explored by the study are: humility and accessibility; refusal to accept monetary compensation for fatwas; written documentation; energy and dedication in fatwa issuance; shrewdness in detecting questioners' tricks and deceptions; ability to understand diverse modes of expression; use of traditional communication means; and gentleness and kindness. Regarding methodological features, the study examines: the influence of Al-Shawkani's school and the broader ijtihad school in Yemen; reliance on textual evidence and rejection of sectarian fanaticism; consideration of Yemeni law and court practices; simplicity and ease in formulating answers; flexibility and facilitation (taysīr); attention to sectarian differences; and avoidance of political controversies, with examples provided for most features. The study also addresses the sources and locations where the Shaykh's fatwas may be found, dedicating a final subsection to this purpose, while noting the significant deficiency in collecting and documenting them to date, and the limited efforts made in this regard. The study employed a descriptive analytical methodology. It concludes with several recommendations, among which are: the urgent need to collect the Shaykh's fatwas from their various sources and compile them into a comprehensive encyclopedia befitting his scholarly legacy.
Impact of Transformational Leadership in Consolidating the Culture of Social Responsibility: A Field Study on the Yemen Gas Company (2024–2025)
This study aims to examine the impact of transformational leadership dimensions: intellectual stimulation, inspirational motivation, idealized influence, and individual consideration, in consolidating the culture of social responsibility at the Yemen Gas Company. The study adopted the descriptive analytical approach. The study population consisted of middle and lower-level management employees at the Yemen Gas Company, totaling (220) individuals. The researcher employed a simple random sampling method. A questionnaire was used as the data collection tool, distributed to (160) respondents, with (134) valid questionnaires retrieved for analysis, yielding a response rate of (83.7%). To test the study's hypotheses, a number of statistical methods were employed, including simple and stepwise multiple linear regression analysis, using the SPSS program. The findings revealed that all transformational leadership dimensions have a positive and statistically significant effect (P ≤ 0.05) on consolidating the culture of social responsibility. The study's primary recommendations include strengthening transformational leadership dimensions at the company by developing a future vision aligned with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, and motivating employees to embrace social responsibility as a mission rather than an imposed obligation.
Mechanisms of Syntactic Cohesion in Surah Al-Inshiqaq: A Textual Study
Textual studies of literary texts began in the mid-twentieth century, revealing textual cohesion in both its syntactic and lexical aspects. Among the texts examined were verses from the Holy Qur'an that prompt my desire to contribute to these studies through this current study. The study opens with a brief introduction to textual studies and their significance, followed by the rationale for selecting this topic, the research problem, objectives, and methodology. It then provides a preliminary overview of Surah Al-Inshiqaq, including its name and verses. The first section addresses the theoretical framework of cohesion and text, while the second section examines the mechanisms of syntactic cohesion in Surah Al-Inshiqaq. The study employed the descriptive analytical approach to highlight these mechanisms and elucidate their meanings in a clear and accessible manner. The study concludes with key findings, most notably: cohesion consists of interconnected words and meanings within a text or discourse; a text is a spoken or written linguistic sequence forming a communicative unit, whether composed of multiple sentences, a single sentence, or even part of a sentence. Cohesion represents a new direction in text linguistics, investigating sentence structure, the interrelationship between sentences, and the interconnection of sentence parts through devices such as pronominal and conjunctive reference, substitution, ellipsis, and foregrounding/backgrounding (presentation and delay). Surah Al-Inshiqaq contains various forms of textual references that reveal the Qur'anic miraculous nature through textual coherence and interconnectedness, with implicit pronominal reference comprising the largest portion. Additive conjunction using "waw" (and) frequently occurs between verbal sentences due to the abundance, succession, and continuity of events. Ellipsis contributes to Qur'anic textual cohesion through conciseness and the avoidance of repetition, while also stimulating the mind and provoking thought through specific wording. Foregrounding and backgrounding contribute to phonetic cohesion, taking into account verse endings (fawasil), achieving brevity, emphasis, suspense, and wisdom. The study has several recommendations, among which is the completion of a study on lexical textual cohesion in Surah Al-Inshiqaq.
The Presence of the Doctrine of "Al-Manzilah Bayn Al-Manzilatayn" (The Position Between Two Positions) in Ibn Jinni's Book Al-Khasa'is
This study examines the presence of the doctrine of "Al-Manzilah Bayn Al-Manzilatayn" (the intermediate position / the position between two positions) in the work of Abu al-Fath Uthman ibn Jinni, specifically in his book Al-Khasa'is, as one of the theological principles that originated within Mu'tazili thought and subsequently extended its influence to linguistic studies. The study seeks to uncover Ibn Jinni's use of this doctrine in interpreting linguistic phenomena that are situated between two opposing poles, such that they cannot be fully attributed to either one. The study adopted the descriptive analytical methodology through tracing the instances where this doctrine appears in Al-Khasa'is and analyzing them within their linguistic and intellectual context. It becomes evident that Ibn Jinni expanded the concept of "Al-Manzilah Bayn Al-Manzilatayn" from its doctrinal significance into an interpretive tool in the fields of phonology, morphology, and syntax, as seen in issues such as assimilation (idgham), the kasrah of the noun annexed to the first-person singular possessive pronoun (yā' al-mutakallim), the distinction between fully declinable (munṣarif) and non-fully declinable (ghayr munṣarif) nouns, and certain phenomena situated between pause (waqf) and continuation (waṣl). The study concludes that this doctrine represents an intellectual tendency in Ibn Jinni toward mediation and transcending binary judgments. However, many of the phenomena interpreted through it can be more accurately explained in light of standard linguistic rules or modern phonological studies, indicating that its presence was influenced more by his Mu'tazili background than by being an independent linguistic principle.
Semiotics of Narrative in the Paratextual Architecture in Muhammad Mas'adAl-'Awdi's Novel Al-Bi'r (The Well)
This study aims to investigate the semiotics of paratextual architecture in Muhammad Al-'Awdi's novel Al-Bi'r (The Well), in order to uncover the semantic and aesthetic functions that paratexts perform in textual interpretation while clarifying the relationship between paratexts and the novel's narrative structure. The study adopted a semiotic approach to analyzing textual signs and revealing their semantic functions. It includes four sections, preceded by an introduction and followed by a conclusion. The preliminary section defines the paratext linguistically and terminologically, and discusses the importance and concept of paratextual architecture in literary criticism. The first section examines the narrativity of paratextual architecture as manifested on the novel's front cover, presenting a binary reading between structure and meaning. The second section addresses the architecture of two paratexts: the epigraph (taṣdīr) and the introduction, exploring their structural and semantic dimensions. The third section analyzes the structure of internal chapter titles and their narrative functionality. The fourth section is dedicated to the paratext of the back cover architecture. The study demonstrates how visual and textual discourses intertwine in the production of meaning. It concludes that the narration embedded within the paratextual architecture of Al-Bi'r successfully shapes the novel's external form while engaging intertextually with the architecture of internal titles in an interconnected and coherent manner.
Imam Al-Shawkani's Employment of Usul al-Fiqh Principles in Following Evidences and Rejecting Taqlid: An Applied Study on His Book Nayl al-Awtar Sharh Muntaqa al-Akhbar
This study examines Imam Al-Shawkani's employment of Usul al-Fiqh principles in following evidences and rejecting taqlid (blind imitation). It is an applied study based on his book Nayl al-Awtar Sharh Muntaqa al-Akhbar. The study aims to elucidate Imam Al-Shawkani's methodology in employing Usul al-Fiqh principles to follow legal evidences and to reject taqlid and partisanship, as demonstrated in his commentary on the book Muntaqa al-Akhbar by Majd al-Din Ibn Taymiyyah (d. 653 AH ). Ibn Taymiyyah's work served as a refuge for those fleeing the constraints of taqlid and partisanship during Al-Shawkani's era. The researcher adopted the analytical and deductive methods, examining eight principles of Usul al-Fiqh alongside their jurisprudential (fiqhi) applications in the chapters of worship (ibadat) and transactions (mu'amalat). The study concludes by presenting its most significant findings, among which are: Imam Al-Shawkani, through his book Nayl al-Awtar, contributed to upholding truth, following evidence, and disavowing partisanship and taqlid; Al-Shawkani employed Usul al-Fiqh principles to reject taqlid and sectarian partisanship, while encouraging independent reasoning (ijtihad) and adherence to legal evidences; Al-Shawkani critiqued scientific stagnation and sectarian partisanship in his era and called for intellectual renewal, despite being in an environment dominated by madhhab-bound adherence and partisanship, and isolation from the rest of the Islamic world, yet he alone constituted a scholarly school of ijtihad and renewal, whose influence transcended his geographical surroundings to reach most Muslim countries.
Professional Development of Science Teachers at the Basic and Secondary Education Levels in Marib City between Reality and Training Needs: A Field Study
This study aims to diagnose the current status of professional development programs provided to science teachers at the basic and secondary levels in Ma'rib City, and to identify their actual training needs from their own perspectives, in light of contemporary educational challenges. The study employed the descriptive survey methodology, and a questionnaire was administered to a sample of (56) science teachers working in public schools. The results revealed a notable weakness in professional development opportunities, as (39.3%) of teachers had not received any training program during the past five years. Furthermore, it was found that most of the programs offered focused on theoretical aspects, with little connection to actual classroom practice. Regarding training needs, the results indicated a high level of urgency in several areas, foremost among them: utilizing technology and artificial intelligence in education (100%), producing teaching aids from environmental materials (89.3%), designing practical activities (87.5%), managing overcrowded classrooms (85.7%), and teaching difficult scientific concepts (82.1%), in addition to other needs related to alternative assessment, active learning, school laboratory management, producing scientific research, and educational supervision. The results also revealed a set of obstacles limiting the effectiveness of professional development programs, most notably: lack of follow-up after training (67.9%), insufficient practical components in the programs (60.7%), and inappropriate timing of program implementation (53.6%). Regarding preferences, teachers showed a clear inclination toward interactive training methods, such as workshops and intensive courses, preferring implementation during the summer vacation over a relatively short duration. Concerning developmental suggestions, teachers emphasized the necessity of linking programs to actual training needs, enhancing the practical aspect, and activating post-training follow-up appropriate to the nature of science teaching. In light of these findings, the study recommends the need to develop professional development programs for science teachers at the basic and secondary levels according to a needs-analysis-based methodology, achieving integration between theoretical and practical aspects, and enhancing the sustainability of training impact.
Reconstruction in Yemen: Challenges, Opportunities, and Required Policies
This study aims to analyze the importance of reconstruction in Yemen, its requirements, and the relevant stakeholders, along with an analysis of some economic indicators. The study concludes that multifaceted reconstruction processes aim for comprehensive political, economic, and social development, striving to create the conditions for a transition to lasting peace. Certain economic indicators play a significant role in promoting and improving the implementation of reconstruction processes. The study also recommends working towards a comprehensive national policy and strategy approach to developing procedures aimed at consolidating peace, promoting development, and paving the way for the restoration of growth and life during the exit from conflict. To consolidate the peace, reconstruction, and development project, the state must fulfill its responsibilities towards designing and building a successful reconstruction model in which it has a present role in planning, financing, and implementation, in accordance with its capabilities and the stages of reconstruction within it, while preserving the sovereignty of the state.
The Paratexts of Title and Cover in Abdullah Sharuh's Novel Sawar al-Nabi (The Prophet's Bracelet): A Pragmatic Study
In recent decades, narrative literary genres have witnessed rapid development, with the novel assuming a position of prominence, becoming a refuge for writers and creative artists who found in it an outlet for expressing their emotions. They have invested in its semantic space and encoded connotations, enabling them to discuss various issues and helping them to convey messages relevant to reality and its problems. With the expanding scope of this literary form in modern critical studies, questions have repeatedly arisen concerning the relationship between the main text and its paratexts as fundamental guides for entering the text. Inquiries began into their nature, functions, and relationship to the text's objectives and backgrounds. This study seeks to examine the communicative meanings and pragmatic purposes operative in the two paratexts of title and cover in Abdullah Sharuh's novel Sawar al-Nabi (The Prophet's Bracelet) from a pragmatic perspective, employing a reading methodology that undertakes the task of revealing parallel texts in their pragmatic dimension, and examining how they are employed to guide the reader and enable them to cross into the world of the text, drawing upon their verbal signs and visual elements. The study adopted the pragmatic approach as a means of uncovering the communicative purposes and pragmatic functions of the paratexts, while utilizing semiotic analysis to clarify the relationship between the paratexts and the text, including the symbolic connotations and visual signals that determine the mode of reading and re-present the themes of the main text. The study concludes that the integration of these two paratexts has formed a parallel discourse that contributes to guiding the reception process, facilitates understanding and comprehension, and creates a genuine interaction between the text and its readers.
The Interplay of Literary Genres and the Construction of Hybrid Text in Muhammad Mahmoud Al-Zubairi's Novel The Tragedy of Waq al-Waq: A Structural and Semantic Study
This study examines Muhammad Mahmoud Al-Zubairi's novel The Tragedy of Waq al-Waq as a hybrid text with a composite structure, in which five major literary genres converge within a single narrative framework: prose poetry, short story, vision narrative (manāmah), epic, and novel. The study proceeds from the hypothesis that this generic interplay transcends the boundaries of formal experimentation to become an artistic and semantic necessity dictated by the gravity of the national tribulation and the liberatory intentions underpinning the novelistic discourse. The methodology adopts an integrative approach combining descriptive-analytical procedures with both structural and hermeneutic frameworks, while also taking into account the historical and cultural dimension, in order to uncover the structural and semantic functions of each genre within the text. The study reaches a theoretical conclusion that undermines the notion of "generic purity." It demonstrates that the vision narrative (manāmah) provides the visionary space within which supernatural elements are rendered plausible; that prose poetry intensifies emotional experience; that the embedded tale functions as a symbolic equivalent; that the epic spirit elevates events to the level of collective destiny; and that the novel serves as the comprehensive narrative framework that preserves both structural and semantic unity. The way of the analysis indicates that generic hybridity represented an artistic strategy for liberating consciousness and resisting tyranny, revealing an artistic intentionality on the part of Al-Zubairi, whereby the novel becomes a message-bearing manifesto addressed to the Yemeni people and the Arab and Islamic nations at large.
Semiotics of Prophetic Discourse: The Art of Al Tarassul (Epistolary Art) as a Model
This study investigates Prophetic Tarassul (the art of epistolary writing) as a foundational literary genre and a political discourse possessing a highly sophisticated semiotic structure. It elucidates the concept of semiotics and its analytical methodology, focusing on the nature of Prophetic Tarassul and its evolution from oral transmission to codified written form. The study reveals the strategies of influence and persuasion embedded within Prophetic epistolary discourse, examining the Prophet's (peace be upon him) method of lexical selection and syntactic construction, strategies that advanced political, religious, and humanitarian objectives for the nascent Islamic state. The researcher adopted a descriptive analytical methodology, employing the semiotic approach as the primary framework for reading Prophetic epistolary discourse, while also drawing upon other methodological approaches as necessitated by the analysis. The study concludes that Prophetic Tarassul established an early model characterized by fixed conventions and quasi-artistic traditions for a prose genre and a political epistolary discourse that integrates linguistic semiotics, communicative efficacy, and semantic profundity.
Impact of Modern Human Resource Management Practices on Employee Performance in Companies: A Case Study of Mining Companies Operating in the Blue Nile Region during the Year 2025
This study investigates the impact of modern human resource management (HRM) practices on employee performance as a case study of mining companies operating in the Blue Nile Region. It aims to elucidate the concept, significance, and objectives of modern HRM, alongside the concept, objectives, types, and evaluation methods of performance. The study problem centers on understanding the extent to which modern HRM practices affect employee performance, as such understanding can meaningfully contribute to performance improvement. The study adopts a descriptive-analytical methodology. The study population comprises managers, deputy managers, department heads, and section heads, from which a random sample of (45) individuals was selected. A questionnaire served as the primary data collection instrument, with (45) questionnaires distributed. Following review and verification, (35) questionnaires were deemed valid for analysis. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) was employed for data analysis and hypothesis testing. The study concludes that modern HRM practices, specifically training, performance evaluation, and participative decision-making, exert a positive impact on employee performance. Training and professional development outcomes enhance and refine skills. Performance evaluation plays a crucial role in improving performance, providing feedback, and informing the identification of company strategies, objectives, and continuous development initiatives. The study recommends that the implementation of modern HRM practices to improve employee performance through training and professional development programs aimed at enhancing knowledge, upgrading skills, and strengthening participative decision-making.
Existence of Solutions for some Nonlinear Elliptic Problem with Measure Data in Musielak-Orlicz-Sobolev Spaces
Copyright (c) 2025 The Scientific Journal of University of Saba Region https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Reality of Utilization of Artificial Intelligence Applications in the Learning Process by Postgraduate Students at University of Saba Region
The study is aimed at investigating the extent to which postgraduate students at University of Saba Region utilize artificial intelligence applications in the learning process, the obstacles they face in using them, and the impact of the variables of program type and specialization on their usage. The study uses a descriptive research approach. A questionnaire was administered to 48 male and female students in the first year (preparatory) of the postgraduate program. Data analysis was conducted using mean scores, standard deviations, and a two-way ANOVA. The results indicate that the students' overall usage of AI applications in the learning process was medium, while the obstacles to their usage were high. Additionally, there were statistically significant differences in the mean scores of AI usage according to the program variable, in favor of master's students, while no statistically significant differences were found in the mean scores according to the specialization variable.
Cultural Criticism and the Text Literariness: A Study in Criticism of Criticism
The literary text carries aesthetic values that lie within the components of literary art: structure, style, rhythm, imagery, and poetic language. These components are instrumental in granting the text its uniqueness and artistic beauty. Critical engagement with the text is thus grounded in normative criteria through which the literary text is evaluated in terms of the quality of its composition and structure, originality, innovation, and adherence to the principles of literary art. However, the emergence of cultural criticism has reshaped the relationship between literature and society, greatly expanding the scope of critical reading at the expense of the literariness and aesthetic value of the text. This study focuses on the dilemma of cultural criticism regarding textual aesthetics and its negligence or marginalization of literary centrality in its treatment of texts. It is divided into two sections: the first provides a brief overview of the concept of cultural criticism, its origins, and the main objections raised against it; and the second examines cultural criticism in relation to the aesthetic values within the literary text, highlighting its manifestations, causes, and what should be done in response. The study reaches several key findings. First, for cultural criticism to remain logically situated within its current disciplinary domain (the field of literary or linguistic textual criticism), it must adopt a balanced approach that integrates both dimensions: uncovering cultural patterns and attending to the aesthetic and literary normative values of the text. Second, in its current form, cultural criticism should be separated from the domain of literary text–oriented critical approaches and should not be considered one of the disciplines of literature, language, or linguistics; rather, it should be treated similarly to fields such as history or sociology. Third, Arabic scholarship must re-examine the tools and methodology of cultural criticism, localize the theory within the Arabic context, and benefit from the Western experience without resorting to excessive imitation. The study uses the descriptive method, as it is the most appropriate for its nature.
Developing Standards to Evaluate Scientific Theses and Dissertations in Faculties of Education at Yemeni Universities in Light of Contemporary Trends
The study is aimed to develop a set of standards for evaluating scientific theses and dissertations at Yemeni universities in light of contemporary trends. The study uses a mixed-methods approach: quantitative and qualitative. The sample consists of (7) evaluation checklists, (10) faculty members, and (15) postgraduate students. Data was collected using interviews. The findings of the study reveal variability among the approved evaluation checklists with respect to the number of standards, their precision, comprehensiveness, and methods of scoring, and most of these checklists tended to be general in nature and lacked clear sub-indicators. The findings also indicate that the faculty members tended to focus on the soundness of the methodology, title originality, and formal aspects during the evaluation process. There was also a general consensus among them regarding their reliance on officially approved evaluation forms. However, their perspectives varied concerning the overall quality of thesis evaluation, despite acknowledging the existence of several challenges, most notably the difficulty in determining the appropriate grade for the research work. In contrast, graduate students expressed dissatisfaction with the evaluation process, citing the absence of clear criteria and insufficient support from some supervisors. In response to these findings, the study develops a comprehensive list of standards for evaluating theses and dissertations at Yemeni universities in light of contemporary academic trends. It comprises five main domains, encompassing fifty specific indicators.
The Reality of Strategic Planning Practices in Private Hospitals Operating in Aden Governorate
This study is aimed at identifying the reality of strategic planning in private hospitals operating in Aden Governorate. The research population consists of administrative leaders in these hospitals. Five private hospitals were selected as the study sample: Al Reyadah International Hospital, Al-Naqib Hospital, Aden German International Hospital,‎ Al-Salam Specialized Hospital, and Cuban Modern Hospital. The sample included 59 individuals from these hospitals. The study uses both the descriptive and analytical approaches, and the questionnaire is used as the main tool for data collection. The results indicate a high level of strategic planning practices in private hospitals in Aden Governorate according to the perspectives of their administrative leaders. All dimensions of strategic planning demonstrated a high level of availability. The dimension of monitoring and evaluating the strategic plan ranked first, followed by strategic orientation, strategic plan formulation, strategic environmental analysis, and finally strategic plan implementation. The study recommends strengthening the ability of private hospitals to analyze the external environment through precise mechanisms for monitoring competitors, market trends, and emerging health developments, as well as developing clear performance measurement systems and quantitative indicators to assess implementation. It also recommends ensuring greater alignment between strategic plans and human and financial resources, in addition to enhancing internal communication to improve employee awareness of the vision and mission.
The Degree of Teaching Skills Practice in Light of Brain-Based Learning by Science Teachers in Secondary Schools in Marib City
This study is aimed to assess the level to which female science teachers in secondary schools in Marib City practice teaching skills in alignment with brain-based learning principles. It also seeks to identify the challenges encountered by these teachers in implementing teaching skills based on brain-based learning, and finds out the effect of specialization and years of experience variables on this practice. The study uses a descriptive survey approach. An observation card and a semi-structured interview were constructed and administered to a sample of (17) female science teachers at the secondary school stage. To analysis data, a one-sample t-test and a two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used. The results indicated that the level of practice of teaching skills in alignment with brain-based learning, specifically in the domains of implementation, classroom environment management, and assessment, was generally low among female science teachers. However, the planning skill was found to be at a moderate level. The study identified that the primary difficulties faced by the teachers included a lack of knowledge and training, as well as challenges related to classroom environment management, the curriculum, and administrative issues. Additionally, no statistically significant differences were found in the teachers' practice of teaching skills in accordance with brain-based learning based on the variables of specialization and years of experience.
The Impact of Change Management Strategies on Development Management in the Blue Nile Region: A Case Study on the General Secretariat of its Government (2024-2025)
This study seeks to explore the impact of change management strategies on development management within the Sudanese administrative context, through a case study on the General Secretariat of the Government of the Blue Nile Region. The significance of the study lies in the increasing challenges that the governmental institutions face in balancing institutional transformation and improving job performance, particularly in regions undergoing rapid developmental and administrative changes. The study uses the descriptive-analytical method, and the questionnaire is used as the primary tool for data collection, consisting of a sample of (100) employees of the General Secretariat. The data was analyzed using the SPSS statistical program, and the analysis included frequencies, means, reliability coefficient (Cronbach’s Alpha), and simple regression analysis. The findings reveal that there was a statistically significant relationship between the effectiveness of change management strategies and the improvement of job performance and the activation of development management in the region. They also show that effective employee participation, internal communication, and training are among the most prominent determinants of successful change. The study recommends adopting well-defined models for change management, fostering employee involvement in planning and implementation stages, and aligning change initiatives with the region’s strategic development goals.
Evaluating the Content of the Mathematics Curriculum for the Second-Year Science Track in Sudanese Secondary Schools in Light of (NCTM) Standards
The study is aimed at evaluating the content of the mathematics curriculum for the second year of the scientific track in Sudanese secondary schools in light of the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics (NCTM) standards. The researchers used the descriptive–analytical method, in which they developed a content analysis tool derived from the NCTM standards, covering the domains of numbers and operations, algebra, geometry, and trigonometry, with a total of (25) indicators. After confirming the validity and reliability of the research instruments, the researchers analyzed the second-year mathematics textbook using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) to calculate frequencies, means, standard deviations, and percentages.The results show that the textbook content covered the NCTM standards across all domains at an acceptable level, with the highest coverage (42%) in the domain of numbers and operations, and the lowest (15%) in the geometry domain. The study recommends reviewing the textbook content to ensure that the allocated instructional time aligns with the curriculum content so that it can be fully taught.
Evaluation of Approved Academic Theses in the Faculties of Education and Science at Ibb University and University of Saba Region in Light of Total Quality Standards
The study is aimed to identify the degree to which total quality standards are met in the approved academic theses in the Department of Curricula and Teaching Methods at Ibb University and University of Saba Region from the academic year 2017 to 2024. To achieve the study objectives, the researchers use the descriptive analytical approach based on content analysis. The sample consists of 25 approved theses from both universities. A rating scale consisting of (50) items distributed over six domains was used. These six domains are the title and general framework of the study; the theoretical framework; the previous studies; the methodology and procedures of the study; the presentation, discussion and interpretation of the study results; the technical and linguistic aspects and documentation. To evaluate the selected theses and to analyze the data, a single-sample t-test and a Mann-Whitney test were used. The results show that the degree of availability of total quality standards for each domain individually and for the whole scale was average. Furthermore, there were no statistically significant differences between the mean scores of the availability of quality standards in academic theses according to the variable of the university in all domains, with the exception of "the title and the general framework of the study" domain, in favor of the approved academic theses at Ibb University. One of the most important recommendations is to apply total quality standards in evaluating academic theses in the faculties of education at Yemeni universities.
Principles of Preparing the Islamic Preacher in the Glorious Quran: An Analytical Study of the Divine Discourse Addressed to His Prophet Mohammed (peace be upon him)
This study is aimed at presenting an exegetical and analytical exploration of the divine discourse addressed to the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ in the Glorious Qur’an, viewing it as a comprehensive divine model for the preparation of the Islamic preacher (da‘iyah). The study adopts a thematic and analytical approach to exegesis (tafsir), examining and interpreting Qur’anic verses in which Allah directly addresses His Prophet ﷺ, in order to extract the foundational features of spiritual, intellectual, and ethical preparation. The study demonstrates that these divine directives were not incidental or isolated, but rather formed an integrated educational framework upon which the Prophet’s character was built. As such, they constitute a firmly rooted Qur’anic reference for shaping the identity of the Islamic preacher. The significance of the study lies in the way that it sheds light on the Qur’anic text from a structural, functional, and exegetical perspective, which highlights the impact of divine guidance in shaping the exemplary prophetic model for daʿwah, and contributes to formulating a contemporary framework for the Islamic preacher, grounded in the principles of the Glorious Qur’an. Furthermore, the study shows how thematic exegesis can serve as an effective tool for understanding Qur’anic daʿwah discourse and linking it to the current realities and challenges of the Muslim community. The study reached several key findings, among which are: first, the Qur’anic discourse addressed to the Prophet ﷺ represents a practical and interpretive model for preacher development, combining self-purification, knowledge acquisition, and moral refinement; second, the thematic interpretation of verses related to the Prophet’s formation reveals a profound Qur’anic vision for building an effective and balanced da‘wah personality suited to the needs of the Muslim community. The study also presents several recommendations: first, encouraging integrating this exegetical model into training programs for Islamic preachers and curricula in faculties of Sharīʿah; second, encouraging further studies that connect Qur’anic exegesis with the educational and daʿwah reality of the Muslim community.
The Reality and Future of E-Commerce in Yemeni Legislation
This study explores the reality and future of e-commerce within the framework of Yemeni legislation, focusing on its concept, forms, nature, advantages, and disadvantages. It also discusses payment and settlement systems in e-commerce, and examines the impact of e-commerce on money laundering. E-commerce has transformed the world into a global marketplace for institutional products through the Internet, relying primarily on electronic payment systems. Therefore, any country that seeks to adopt e-commerce as a new horizon must provide the necessary requirements to transition toward a digital trade system. With the widespread global expansion of e-commerce, many countries around the world, along with numerous regional and international organizations and bodies, have sought to establish a legal framework for regulating electronic commerce, defining the rights and obligations of its parties. Therefore, it has become necessary for various Arab countries to keep pace with these developments by enacting specific laws to regulate this new phenomenon. However, in the case of Yemen, no specific law has been issued to regulate electronic commerce. Nevertheless, the study concluded that there are serious efforts in Yemen aimed at advancing electronic commerce in various fields, despite the country's complex political and economic crises and its delay in the field of information and communication technology, which is considered the main pillar of electronic commerce.
Educational Insights in the Parenthetical Sentences in the Story of Musa (peace be upon him) in the Glorious Qur’an
This study adopts a comprehensive inductive approach to explore the story of Prophet Musa (peace be upon him) across all the Surahs of the Glorious Qur’an, both Makki and Madani. It focuses on analyzing parenthetical sentences, whether a single sentence or multiple, by identifying their position, cause, meaning, and rhetorical benefit, followed by highlighting the educational insight embedded within each case. The study is divided into two main sections, with two subsections each. The first section introduces the concept of educational insight and parenthetical sentence, and it includes two subsections. The first subsection defines both concepts and reviews the perspectives of grammarians, rhetoricians, and scholars of Qur’anic sciences regarding the stylistic function of parenthetical expressions. It also discusses the distinction between parenthetical and circumstantial sentences, due to their semantic proximity, and outlines the conditions under which separation between syntactically related elements is permissible. The second subsection presents the scholarly reasons for using parenthetical sentences, identifying seven key purposes cited in classical sources. The second section focuses on the instances of parenthetical sentences within the Qur’anic narrative of Musa (peace be upon him), and it includes two subsections. The first subsection addresses cases where a single sentence serves as a parenthetical expression, either as a medial interjection or as an additive statement, the latter being the more frequent. The second subsection examines instances involving two or more sentences, including full verses or multiple verses functioning as interjected comments, such as in Surah Ṭāhā. The study concludes that there are twenty-three instances of parenthetical sentences in the story of Musa (peace be upon him), with fourteen involving a single sentence and nine involving multiple sentences. These occurrences are found in the following Surahs: (Al-Baqarah, Al-Aʿrāf, Yūnus, Ṭāhā, Al-Mu’minūn, Ash-Shuʿarā’, Al-Qaṣaṣ, and Ghāfir), seven of which are Makki and one (Al-Baqarah) is Madani. The reasons for using parenthetical expressions total twelve, the most common being emphasis, appearing in seven places, and the remaining reasons are distributed across the other places. Each place reveals a significant educational insight that, collectively, offers a valuable framework for educating future generations according to the Prophetic methodology.
The Socotri language is an original language, just like the well-known ancient Semitic languages. It carries a rich variety of literature, arts, cultural expressions, and a wealth of vocabulary and meanings. One clear sign of its richness is the many rhetorical and expressive forms it has, especially Socotri proverbs. This study examines proverbs from the angle of artistic imagery. It is divided into two main sections: artistic imagery and artistic styles. The first section discusses figurative images such as simile, metaphor, metonymy, and figurative expressions, followed by non-figurative images: visual, auditory, gustatory, and sensory images. The second section is about artistic styles. It includes techniques such as word order (inversion), omission, repetition, contrast, and negation. The study arrives at several results and recommendations. It shows that Socotri proverbs are similar in meaning to Classical Arabic proverbs, as well as to popular and colloquial ones, but they are different in language, structure, style as well as in the tools they employ, such as particles of simile and negation. They are also distinguished by the strong coherence between their lexical items and their overall meaning. In addition, Socotri proverbs have their own musical rhythm that makes them unique compared to other proverbs.
Evaluation of Admission Tests in Biology for the Applicants to the Faculty of Medicine at University of Saba Region in Light of Good Test Standards
The study is aimed to evaluate the biology admission tests for the applicants to the Faculty of Medicine at University of Saba Region in light of the standards of a good test. The content analysis method, which is one of the descriptive approach techniques, was used. The study sample consisted of (125) items distributed on five admission test models from the years 2021 to 2024. A content analysis tool of (33) sub-indicators was designed based on the standards of a good test, and distributed on four domains: first, specifications of the test paper and clarity of instructions; second, technical aspects of a good test; third, multiple-choice questions; fourth, cognitive level of the questions. Frequencies and percentages were used to analyze the data. The study's findings showed that the admission tests adhered to certain basic standards, such as numbering, accurate inclusion of essential data, linguistic accuracy, and print quality, in addition to being free of academic errors. However, the study revealed shortcomings in other areas, most notably: grading, guidance instructions, spelling, and font consistency. Regarding multiple-choice questions, they generally met the required standards, though some issues were noted concerning the highlighting of negation and the distribution of correct alternatives. As for the cognitive level of the items, the questions primarily focused on lower-order thinking skills (recall and understanding) while neglecting higher-order thinking levels.